Science and Research:
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Born Gay: The Psychobiology of Sex Orientation. Glen Wilson and Qazi Rahman. Peter Owen Publishers. 2005.
The first book to bring together and summarize an overview of the tremendous amount of current research into the cause of homosexuality. Research so far shows only 2-3.5% male homosexuality (and very little bisexuality) and .5-1.5% lesbianism (about half of which is bisexuality), but this is stable across many cultures. It goes into the methods of determining homosexuality: how people label themselves, sexual behavior, self-reported sexual feelings, and clinical measurement of sexual response, of which the latter two are most accurate. It details the pretty thorough discrediting of the social influence theory. “Gay genes” are believed to contribute less than half to sexual orientation variance. The effects of fluctuation in prenatal sex hormones on the developing brain has been shown through physical and brain differences, as well as the fraternal birth order effect in male homosexuals (about one in seven has several older brothers; the implication is that some mothers’ immune systems recognize male hormones as foreign substances and build up antibodies to them over succeeding male pregnancies). And childhood non-gender- conforming behavior is a strong marker for adult male homosexuality (about 75%); somewhat less so for lesbianism.
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Brain Sex: The Real Difference Between Men & Women. Anne Moir and David Jessel. Carol Publishing Group. 1991.
Backed by careful research, this book explains why male and female brains are different. The hormones present in the womb during gestation, influenced by fetus' chromosomal makeup, lay down neural pathways that wire the brain to be male or female and, at puberty, to be receptive to the production of the appropriate male or female hormones. Abnormal variations in the hormonal environment during gestation can cause the brain to be "wired" abnormally. Chapter 8 discusses how this can result in homosexual orientation, and why the chances of this happening are much higher in males.
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Gender, Nature and Nurture. Richard A. Lippa. Lawrence Erlbaum Asso. Publishers. 2002.
Written by one of the foremost authorities in the field, this engaging text presents the latest scientific findings on gender differences, gender similarities, and gender variations. The impact of nature and nurture on gender is examined from the perspectives of genetics, molecular biology, evolutionary theory, neuroanatomy, anthropology, sociology and psychology. The result is a balanced, fair-minded synthesis of diverse points of view. The work is scholarly, yet accessible.
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As Nature Made Him: the boy who was raised as a girl. John Colapinto. Harper Collins Publishing. 2000.
The riveting true story of the famous identical twins case (Joan/John) which for many years was cited as proof that sexuality was determined by nurture rather than nature.
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What You Can Change...and What You Can't. Martin E. P. Seligman, Ph.D. Fawcett Books. 1993.
Meticulous research by a distinguished psychologist pinpoints the techniques and therapies that work best for various conditions. Particularly relevant are chapters 11, 14 and 15.
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Biological Exhuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. Bruce Bagemihl Ph.D. St Martins Press. 1999
This scholarly work gives scientific documentation for the amazing variety of homosexual expression in the animal kingdom, including non-reproductive sexual behavior, same-sex courtship, pair-bonding and co-parenting. From grizzly bears, chimpanzees and elephants to flamingos, geese and bower birds, over 450 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects have been subjects of zoological research. This books brings research spanning more than two centuries together for the first time in an accurate and comprehensive account of the subject.
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The Brain and Sexuality. Dr. Arlene Taylor. Order from Realizations, Inc., PO Box 2554, Napa, CA 94558-0255.
Audio cassette tape that summarizes research data related to sexual identity and partner preference. Describes the effects of maternal hormone levels on the developing fetus. Comes with a companion tape, "The Brain and Compatibility."
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Special Article: Homosexuality. Richard Friedman and Jennifer Downey. The New England Journal of Medicine. Volume 331, Number 14; 6 October 1994.
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Queer Science: The Use & Abuse of Research Into Homosexuality. Simon Levay. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. 1996. ISBN 0-262-12199-9.
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10. |
The Science of Desire: The Search for the Gay Gene and the Biology of Behavior. Dean Hamer and Peter Copeland. New York: Touchstone Books. 1994. ISBN 0-684-80446-8.
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11. |
A Biological Perspective on Sexual Orientation. Richard Pillard and J. Michael Bailey. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America. Volume 18, Number 1; March 1995.
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12. |
Gay Science: The Ethics of Sexual Orientation Research. Timothy Murphy. New York: Columbia University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-231-10848-6.
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Обновлено 03.08.2011 23:25 |
